IGI3 1147 Memorial of war-dead (tribe Erechtheis), 460-459 BC

Memorial of war-dead (tribe Erechtheis), 460-459 BC

IG I³ 1147 Date: 460-459 BC

Of Erechtheis^I^[1] these died in the war, in Cyprus, in Egypt, in Phoenicia, in Halieis, in Aegina, at Megara in the same year.^[2]

(5-71-130) Of the generals Ph-chos^[3] Pantaleon Polystratos Drakontides (10-76-135) -mostratos -meas -kleides -krates Chairedemos (15-81-140) Ktesias -esandros Lykophron Apollodoros Aristoteles (20-86-145) Protias Drakalos Mechanion Philistides Timogenes (25-91-150) Charisandros Menekles Melanopos Kleonbrotos Aristokleides (30-96-155) Thoukydides Euthydemos Kallikrates Aphsephes Aristeides (35-101-160) Philodemos Kephisodotos Sophilos Antimenes Epainetos (40-106-165) Ergaios Diogenes Phrynos Ktesiades Koroibos (45-111-170) Kratyllos Synphermios Nikias Lysikleides Phrourarchos (50-116-175) Charisandros Olympiaratos S-os Mnesiphilos Sosias (55-121-180) Archinos Lykinos Kallias Mnesigenes Sikon (60-126-185) Amphikedes Xenullos uninscribed space General Hippodamas^[3] Euthymachos (65) Eumelos Androsthenes Archers: Phrynos Tauros Theodoros (70) Aleximachos

Phanyllos Xenios Eugeiton Alkippos Lysikles Keleusos Euthydemos Dikaios Philinos Kallikles Nausikles Timesitheos Mnesigenes Polykles Alexias Amydrippos Apollodoros Gorgias Notharchos Parmonides Bakon Pithon Lysias Sostratos Philinos Philaithos Philetairos Soteles Lysias Aristogenes Philinos Diotimos Kallonides Kallixenos Deinias Smikythos Timodemos Lysis Akesias Epichares Hieronymos Anaxilas Chairias Herakleides Agasikles Alkas Kephisodotos Kallikles Kephisodoros Noumenios Xenophilos Hyperbios Hagnon Polyxenos Erximenes Nikon uninscribed space In Egypt uninscribed space Telenikos seer

Akryptos Timokrates Archelas Euthykrates Patrokleides Alkmeonides Glaukon Demonikos Anaxidoros Glaukon Prokles Antiphon Anaxilas Archepolis Kalleas Thaliarchos Philonichos Eukleides Diodoros Nikarchos Epiteles Kybon Chairias Demetrios Arkesilas Euthoinos Demetrios Gorgon Straton Aristophanes Glaukon Physonides Hagnodemos Diokles Phanostratos Eumenios Theodoros Euryleos Kerdon Epichares Eudoxos Polyzelos Glaukias Erigenes Antichares Philistides Amphikleides Phrouros Titon Eubios Kallibios Smikros Neaios Ergoteles Phokion Araithos.

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References:

IG I³ 1147 (Translated text) (PHI) (IG Online)

ML 33

Clairmont, Patrios Nomos, no. 20a

Fornara, Translated documents 78

Immerwahr, Script, 107 no. 736

Axon 309 (Axon)

OR 109

Translation by: Stephen Lambert, Robin Osborne

Images: Louvre - (1)
Ohio - (1)

Monument type: Stele

Inscription type: Funerary (Public)

Findspot: Athens (Louvre Ma 863)

Transliterations on Places on

[1] It was "ancestral custom" for Athenians to bury their war dead at Athens, though there were exceptions (e.g. Marathon, Thuc. 2.34, Plataia, Hdt. 9.85, Paus. 9.2.5-6). Ten coffins, one for each tribe, were carried in procession for public burial in the Kerameikos. According to Diodoros 11.33.3, a public funeral oration (of the type most famously delivered by Pericles over the dead of the first year of fighting of the Peloponnesian War) and Games (cf. Ath. Pol. 58.1) were instituted in 479 to commemorate those who had died in the Persian Wars. Pausanias 1.29.4 records that there was a monument for all Athenian war-dead, except the dead of Marathon, in the cemetery on the road to the Academy, and stelai inscribed with their names, the first being those who died at Drabeskos in Thrace in conflict with the Edonians (465/4, Thuc. 1.100.3) (Pausanias says first to be buried, but perhaps means first to be commemorated on stelai). The fragments of IG I³ 1144 are apparently from a series of stelai, one for each tribe, perhaps recording the dead of the year of Drabeskos. It records men who died at Eion, at Sigeion and on Thasos, Athenians from the tribe Oineis and another unknown tribe, together with allies and slaves. IG I³ 1147 bis records casualties possibly of Aigeis possibly in the same year. Other monuments listed all the tribes together, e.g. IG I³ 1162. See also IG I³ 1149; and for a full list of the public casualty lists on AIO Funerary Monuments (Public).

Textual Note. Our translation of this inscription follows the text of IG (cf. also OR's app. crit.), except for l. 72, where we follow Tod's reading Χ[σέ]νιος or, with OR, Daux's Χ[σ]έ̣νιος (both noted in the IG app. crit.). [2] The historical context is supplied by Thuc. 1.104-105, datable to 460, who records that Athens launched a major naval expedition against Cyprus, diverting to Egypt on hearing of the revolt of Inaros there, and around the same time campaigned in Halieis, followed by Aegina (a great sea-battle, cf.IG I³ 1503 with note) and Megara (where Athens, with regular troops fully stretched, sent "the oldest and youngest" to counter a Corinthian invasion). He does not mention Phoenicia, but that would accord with actions against Cyprus and Egypt. This inscription supplies some evidence against the account of Diodoros, who spreads these events over six years. [3] There may have been two generals from this tribe, or Hippodamas (63) may have succeeded Ph-chos (6). It is notable that there are no other distinctions of rank, or e.g. as between, at the upper end of the social scale, cavalry and hoplites, and at the lower end, sailors and peltasts (light-armed troops), except for the four archers (67-70). It is unclear why these were listed separately; one possibility is that they included non-Athenians (cf. IG I³ 1032, 169-171). Telenikos is, however, identified as the seer (128-29). Seers commonly accompanied armies and inspected animals sacrificed before a battle for omens. The absence of the patronymics and demotics which would identify individuals also serves to emphasise the collective character of this commemoration.

Added: 20 Jan 2016
Updated: 1 Aug 2022
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