IGII2 1213 Decree of an association (deme? Trikomoi?)

Decree of an association (deme? Trikomoi?)

IG II² 1213 Date: ca. 350-300 BC

. . . ^[1] . . . crown and adornment (kosmon) . . . . . . the altars and wood . . . . . . for the (fem.) - in office (archousais) . . . . . . from the Trikomoi . . . (5) . . . of money 6 drachmas . . . . . . the trikomarchos . . . . . . the deme or the People . . .

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References:

IG II² 1213 (Translated text) (PHI)

SEG 27.4

SEG 50.158b

Russo, Ripartizioni, D38

Translation by: Stephen Lambert

Monument type: Uncertain

Inscription type: Decree (Trikomia?)

Findspot: Spata (= ancient Erchia) (Unknown)

Transliterations on Places on

[1] This small fragment was seen by A. Milchhöfer, Ath. Mitt. 12, 1887, 87 no. 27 in private possession at Bala west of Spata (ancient Erchia, on which see SEG 21.541, with notes). It mentions "Trikomoi", an association of three villages, and their leader, the "trikomarchos". Three explanations have been offered: P. J. Bicknell, REG 89, 1976, 599-603 (= SEG 27.4), proposed that this was a pre-Cleisthenic organization (cf. the Trikomia of Eupyridai, below, and the Tetrakomoi, "Four Villages", IG II³ 4, 225) consisting of Erchia, Kytherros, and another village, perhaps Konthyle, which together were called Kytherros, and account for the inclusion of Kytherros in the list of the 12 ancient cities of Attica at Philochoros FGrH 328 F94. He speculated that the sacrifices offered by the Trikomoi in the 4th cent. BC were recorded on a list entitled “Smaller Demarchia” whose existence is implied by the extant sacrificial calendar of Erchia, headed "Greater Demarchia", SEG 21.541. Lambert, ZPE 130, 2000, 78-80 (= SEG 50.158), noted difficulties with Bicknell's theory, including that Kytherros is now thought to be some distance away from Erchia. He also noted that the editors of IG I³ had raised the possibility of restoring a reference to "the komarch", τὸν κό[μ|αρχον], at IG I³ 247, ll. 9-10, found near Spata. He accordingly suggested that our Trikomoi might have been Erchia, the group -ntidai referred to in l. 10 of that inscription, and perhaps Sotidai, a toponym which appears at SEG 21.541, ll. 4-5, 8-9 (noting also the Dekadistai who are creditors in IG II² 2071, also from Spata). Other scholars (e.g. R. Parker, Athenian Religion, 1996, 330) have supposed that our inscription had wandered prior to discovery from the Trikomia of Eupyridai attested by Steph. Byz. s.v. Eupyridai (Eupyridai, Kropidai and Pelekes). Lambert connected the striking reference to feminine office-holders in l. 3 of our inscription with the numerous priestesses (and no priests) mentioned in the sacrificial calendar of Erchia, SEG 21.541. It might, however, rather be a reference to the female archons for the Thesmophoria (cf. IG II² 1184, P. Roussel, Rev. Arch. 18, 1941, 226-31).

Added: 20 May 2023
Updated: 2 Feb 2024
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ID: AIO_2672