AIO 816 Alliance with Thracian, Paionian and Illyrian kings

Alliance with Thracian, Paionian and Illyrian kings

AIO 816 Date: 356/5 BC

Fragments ab

[γ]ραμματεὺς Λυσίας Λυσ[. . . ⁶ . . . Πιθεύς]. συμμαχία Ἀθηναίων πρὸς Κετρίπορ[ιν τὸν Θρᾶικα καὶ το]- ὺς ἀδελφοὺς καὶ πρὸς Λύππειον τὸν [Παίονα καὶ πρὸς Γρά]- βον τὸν Ἰλλυριόν· ἐπὶ Ἐλπίνου ἄρχο[ντος ἐπὶ τῆς Ἱπποθω]- (5)[ν]τ̣[ίδ]ος πρώτης πρυτανείας, ἑνδεκά[τηι τῆς πρυτανείας]· [τῶν πρ]οέδρων ἐπεψήφιζ̣ε̣ν Μνησαρχ[. . . . . ¹⁰ . . . . . ἔδοξεν] [τῆι βο]υλῆι καὶ τῶι δήμωι· Καλλισθέ[νης εἶπεν· ἀγαθῆι τύ]- [χηι τοῦ δήμ]ου τοῦ Ἀθηναίων, δέ[χ]εσθ[αι μὲν τὴν συμμαχία]- ν ἐ̣[φ᾽ οἷς Μονο?]ύνιος λέγει ὁ ἀδελφὸ[ς ὁ Κετριπόριος τὸν ἀ]- (10)δελ̣[φὸν τὸν αὑ]τ συνθέσθαι καὶ τὸν [πρεσβευτὴν τὸν? το(ῦ)] δήμο [τ Ἀθηναί]ων Κετριπόριδι καὶ [τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς καὶ Λ]- υππεί[ωι τῶι Παίο]ν̣ι καὶ Γράβωι τ̣[ῶι Ἰλλυριῶι· τὸς δὲ προ]- έδρους [οἳ ἂν λάχωσι π]ροεδρε̣[ύεν ἐς τὴν πρώτην ἐκκλησί]- αν προσα[γαγν πρὸς τὸ]ν δῆ[μον Μονούνιον? τὸν ἀδελφὸν τ]- (15)ὸν Κετριπ[όριδος? καὶ Πεισιάνακτα καὶ τὰς πρεσβείας τ]- ὰς ἡκόσα[ς παρὰ Λυππείου καὶ Γράβου καὶ . . . . . ⁹ . . . . τὸν] παρὰ Χάρη̣τ̣ο[ς ἥκοντα, γνώμην δὲ ξυμβάλλεσθαι τῆς βουλ]- ῆς ἐς τὸν δῆμον, ὅ[τι δοκεῖ τῆι βουλῆι τὴν μὲν συμμαχίαν] δέχεσθαι, ἐπειδ[ὴ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ³⁰ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .] (20)βων τὸν Μ̣[ο?]ν[ο?]νιο[. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ³¹ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .] Χάρητα [. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ³⁶ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ἀθ]- [ην]αίων τῶι δήμ[ωι . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ³⁰ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .] [. ἐ]πὶ πoλ̣έ̣μωι [. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ³¹ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Φ]- [ιλί]π̣πωι Λ̣Ε̣[. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ³⁵ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .] (25)[. . . ⁶ . . .]Ι[. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ³⁴ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .] lacuna

Fragment c

[. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ³⁵ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .]Ι ΙΛ[.]Ι[. . . ⁵ . .] [. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ³⁰ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .]Σ[. . .]Ε τὸ ἀργ[ύριο]- [ν· ἐπαινέσαι δὲ Κετρί]πο[ριν κα]ὶ [τὸς] ἀδ̣ελφός, ὅτι εἰσ[ὶν ἄ]- [νδρες ἀγαθοὶ περὶ τ]ὸν [δῆ]μ̣[ο]ν τὸν [Ἀ]θην[α]ί̣ω[ν]· ἐπαινέσ[αι] δ- (30)[ὲ καὶ Μονούνιον? τὸν] ἀδε̣λ[φ]ὸν τὸν ἥκοντ[α] παρ[ὰ Κετριπόρ]- [ιος ἀρετῆς ἕνεκα κ]α[ὶ εὐνοίας καὶ] κα[λέσ]αι ἐπὶ ξένια ἐς [τὸ πρυτανεῖον εἰ]ς̣ αὔριον· ἐ̣παινέσα[ι] δὲ καὶ Πεισιάνακ- [τα καὶ καλέσαι ἐπὶ] δ̣εῖπνον ἐ̣ς τὸ πρυ[τα]νεῖον εἰς αὔριο- [ν· καλέσαι δὲ . . . ⁶ . . . κ]α̣[ὶ . . . ⁵ . .]οτέλ̣η ? [τὸς] ἥ̣κοντας παρὰ τ- (35)[ῶν ἄλλων βασιλέων?] εἰς τὸ πρυτανε̣ῖον [ε]ἰς αὔριον· ἐὰν δέ [το προσδέηι τόδε τ]ὸ ψήφισμα, τὴν βουλ[ὴ]ν κυρίαν εἶναι· ^v [πρέσβες ἥιρηνται]· Λυσικράτης ^v Οἰναῖος ^v Ἀντίμαχος ^v [. . . . . . ¹¹ . . . . . ^v Θρ]άσων ^v Ἐρχιεύς. vac. 1 line vacat [ὀμνύω Δία καὶ Γῆν] καὶ Ἥλιον καὶ Ποσει[δ]ῶ καὶ Ἀθηνᾶν καὶ (40)[Ἄρην, φίλος ἔσομαι] Κετριπόρι καὶ τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς τοῖς Κ- [ετριπόριος καὶ σ]ύμμαχος καὶ πολεμήσω μετὰ Κετριπόρ- [ιος τὸν πόλεμον τ]ὸν πρὸς Φίλιππον ἀδόλως παντὶ σθένε[ι] [κατὰ τὸ δυνατόν, κ]αὶ οὐ προκαταλύσομαι τὸν πόλεμον ἄν- [ευ Κετριπόριος κ]αὶ τῶν ἀδελφῶν τὸν πρὸς Φίλιππον καὶ (45)[ὅσα χωρία νῦν κατ]έχει Φίλιππος συνκα[τ]α̣[σ]τρέψομαι με- [τὰ Κετριπόριος κ]αὶ τῶν ἀδελφῶν καὶ Κρηνίδας συνε[ξ]αι- [ρήσω μετὰ Κετριπ]όριος κα[ὶ τ]ῶν [ἀδ]ελφῶν καὶ ἀποδώσω τὰ [. . . . . . . ¹⁴ . . . . . . .]ΟΙ[. .]ΟΡΩ[. . . .]Λιοτι[.]ΛΓ[. .]ΣΩΣΙΝΓ[. . .]

Previous - SEG 67.86
Translated text

References:

AIO 816 (Translated text) (AIO)

IG II² 127 (PHI)

SEG 68.46

Syll.³ 196

SdA II 309

Lawton 27

RO 53

Translation by: Stephen Lambert, P. J. Rhodes

Images: Krateros - (1)
Ohio - (1)

Monument type: Stele

Inscription type: Decree (Council and People)

Fragment a - Findspot: Acropolis (EM 6967)
Fragment b - Findspot: Acropolis (South slope) (EM 6966)
Fragment c - Findspot: Acropolis (South slope) (EM 6966a)

Transliterations on Places on

[1] Textual Note. Our text is based on RO 53, with adjustments reflecting A. P. Matthaiou’s autopsy and preparatory work for IG II³ (kindly communicated to us per ep.). 6 Μνήσαρχ[ος or Μνησαρχ[ίδης Matth. 10 [πρεσβευτὴν τὸν], cf. IG II² 117, l. 20, IG II³ 1, 455, ll. 3, 10, or [πεμφθέντα παρὰ] Matth., [ἐσταλμένον παρὰ] previous eds. after Wilhelm. 14 Matth. after other eds., προσα[γαγεῖν εἰς τὸ]ν Koumanoudes, Rhodes. 20 τὸν Μ̣[ο?]ν[ο?]νίο[υ?] Matth. 24 Matth., or Λυ]ππ[ε]ι[- previous eds. 34 Matth., based largely on letters read by early eds. which are no longer legible, Ἀρ[ισ]τοτέλη [τοὺς] Koumanoudes, [ἐπὶ ξένια τοὺς πρέσβες τὸς ἡ]κοντας RO 53 after Wilhelm. 45 Matth., [τἆλλα χωρία, ἃ] RO 53 after Koehler. [2] The partially preserved relief depicts a prancing horse and rider. [3] Since coming to the Macedonian throne in 359 BC, Philip II had expanded his power at the expense of the parties to this alliance. In 358 BC he had defeated both the Paionians and the Dardanian Illyrians under Bardylis (Diod. 16.4.6), and he now posed a threat to their neighbours, the Illyrians under Grabos. Of particular impact on Athens was Philip's capture in 357 BC of Amphipolis, originally an Athenian colony, over which Athens had been seeking to recover control since 368 BC (cf. RO 49 with notes). Ketriporis, who, with his brothers, had recently succeeded his father as king of western Thrace, was alarmed by Philip's capture of Krenides (l. 46), which Philip proceeded to refound as Philippi (Diod. 16.8.2-7). In 357/6 BC Philip had concluded an alliance with the Chalcidians whose state was centred on Olynthos (see RO 50) and Athens had made an agreement with the three kings of Thrace, including Ketriporis' father, Berisades (see RO 47). Our alliance, concluded at the beginning of 356/5 BC (first prytany, ll. 4-5, i.e. ca. July), came to nothing. Athens was distracted by her war with her allies, the Social War (see RO 48), and Diod. 16.22.3 records under 356/5 BC that the Thracian, Paionian and Illyrian kings combined against Philip, but he appeared before they were ready to confront him and forced them to join the Macedonians. This was probably also the context in which Philip II's general, Parmenio, won a victory over the Illyrians, recorded by Plut. Alex. 3.8. [4] Kallisthenes is not an uncommon name, making confident identification of this man impossible, but he might be the Kallisthenes who, in 357/6 BC, had been involved in some way with grain obtained from the Bosporan kingdom (Dem. 20.33, cf. IG II³ 1, 298). Athenian interests in this region were driven in part by a desire to secure grain supply routes from the Black Sea. The fact that this is a probouleumatic decree (cf. n. 8 below) implies that Kallisthenes was on the Council in 356/5 BC, in which capacity he had formulated this proposal and brought it forward to the Assembly. [5] The name of Ketriporis' brother, who is also referred to in ll. 14, 20? (a possible reference to him noted for the first time by Matthaiou), and 30, is uncertain. [6] Peisianax, who is invited to dinner (implying that he was an Athenian citizen) at ll. 32-33, is presumably the name of the Athenian envoy referred to in. l. 10. [7] Chares (also mentioned l. 21) was the Athenian general who had commanded the infantry in the battle of Chios, early in Athens' Social War (Diod. 16.7.3-4, cf. RO 48) and, most relevantly in this context, had negotiated the treaty with the Thracian kings in 357 BC (Dem. 23.173, see RO 47). [8] This wording implies that fr. a + b are from a probouleumatic decree, i.e. one agreed by the Assembly on the basis of a resolution as worded by the Council (cf. n. 4). It was common for probouleumatic decrees to be followed on the stone by riders proposed in the Assembly (for this in the period after 352/1 BC see IALD II pp. 240, 254). It is uncertain whether fr. c, which Matthaiou takes to follow a+b after an uncertain interval, belongs to such a rider. Fr. c is broken at the bottom, and, while possible, it is not certain that l. 48 was the last line of this inscription. [9] Clauses of this kind, giving the Council power to address any points on which the Assembly's decree is lacking, are not uncommon. For such clauses in the period after 352/1 BC see IG II³ 1, 292, ll. 84-86, IG II³ 1, 370, ll. 95-100, and IG II³ 1, 404, with IALD II, 248-49 notes a and e. The inclusion of the clause at this point might, but does not certainly, imply that this section of the decree was part of a rider, proposed in the Assembly, rather than part of the probouleumatic decree proposed by Kallisthenes contained in fr. a + b. [10] These Athenian envoys are not mentioned anywhere else in the surviving text of the inscription and their naming here may be a supplementary provision of the Council made under the clause contained in the previous line. They were most likely appointed to go to the other parties to the alliance (one to each of the three kings?) to administer its ratification (i.e. by swearing of oaths). [11] The wording of this oath (to be sworn by all the parties?) would seem to confirm the indications elsewhere in the inscription (ll. 9-12) that the initiative for this alliance lay with Ketriporis and that it was designed primarily to support his efforts to recapture Krenides from Philip.

Added: 29 Jul 2014
Updated: 30 Jan 2024
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ID: AIO_816