AIO 593 Sacrificial calendar of Erchia

Sacrificial calendar of Erchia

AIO 593 Date: Ca. 375-350 BC

[θ]εοί. δημαρχία ἡ μέζων.

Α Μεταγειτνιῶ- ^v νος δωδεκάτε- ^v ι, Ἀπόλλωνι ^v Λ- ^v υκείωι, ἐν ἄστ- (5)_^v ει, οἶς, οὐ φο(ρά), Δ𐅂𐅂 ^v δεκάτει προτ- ^v έραι, Ἥραι Θελ- ^v χινίαι, ἐμ Πάγ- ^v ωι Ἐρχι(ᾶσιν), ἄρνα π- (10)^v αμμέλαιναν, ο- _^v ὐ φορά, 𐅃𐅂𐅂. ^vvv Βοηδρομιῶνος ^v τετράδι φθίν- ^v οντος, Νύμφαι- (15)^v ς, ἐμ Πάγωι Ἐρχ- _^v ιᾶ(σιν), οἶς, Δ. ^vvvvv Πυανοψιῶνος τ- ^v ετράδι ἐπὶ δέ- ^v κα, Ἡρωΐναις, ἐ- (20)^v ν Αὐλῶνι Ἐρχι(ᾶσιν), ^v οἶς, οὐ φορά, ἱε- _^v ρείαι τὸ δέρ(μα), Δ. Γαμηλιῶνος ἑβ- ^v δόμηι ἱσταμέ- (25)^v νο, Κουροτρόφ- ^v ωι, ἐν Δελφινί- _^v ωι Ἐρχ(ιᾶσιν) ∶ χοῖρ(ος) : 𐅂𐅂𐅂. ^v Ἀπόλλωνι Δελ- ^v φινίωι, Ἐρχιᾶ(σιν), (30)_^v οἶς, Δ𐅂𐅂 ^vvvv ^v ὀγδόηι ἱσταμ- ^v ένου, Ἀπόλλων- ^v ι Ἀποτροπαίω- ^v ι, Ἐρχιᾶσι, πρὸ- (35)^v ς̣ Παιανιέων, ^v _^v αἴξ, Δ𐅂𐅂. ^vvvv Ἀνθεστηριῶνο- ^v ς, Διασίοις, ἐν ^v ἄστε⟨ι⟩ ἐν Ἄγρας (40)^v Διὶ Μιλιχίωι, ^v οἶς, νηφάλιος ^v μέχρι σπλάγχ- _^v [ν]ων, Δ𐅂𐅂. ^vvvv [Ἐ]λαφηβολιῶνο- (45)^v ς ἕκτηι ἐπὶ δέ- ^v κα, Σεμέληι, ἐπ- ^v ὶ τοῦ αὐτοῦ βω- ^v μοῦ, αἴξ, γυναι- ^v ξὶ παραδόσιμ- (50)^v ος, ἱερέας τὸ δ- _^v έρμα, οὐ φορά ∶̣ Δ. Θ̣αργηλιῶνος τ- ^v ετράδι ἱστα⟨μ⟩- ^v ένο, Λητοῖ, ἐμ Π- (55)^v υ̣θίο Ἐρχιᾶσι(ν), _^v [α]ἴξ ∶ Δ. ^vvvvv [Σ]κιροφοριῶνο- ^v ς τρίτη⟨ι⟩ ἱσταμ- ^v ένου Κουροτρ- (60)^v όφωι, ἐμ πόλει _^v Ἐρχ(ιᾶσιν) ∶ χοῖρος, 𐅂𐅂𐅂. ^v Ἀθηνάαι Πολι- ^v άδι, ἐμ πόλει Ἐ- ^v ρχιᾶσι, οἶς, ἀν- (65)^v [τ]ίβους, Δ. ^vvvv ^v [κε]φάλαιον ^vv [ΗΔ𐅂]

Β Μεταγειτνιῶ- ^v νος δωδ[εκ]άτ- ^v ει, ἐν Ἐλευσι(νίωι) ^v ἐν ἄστει, Δήμ- (5)_^v ητρι, οἶς, Δ. ^vvv ^v ἕκτηι ἐπὶ δέ- ^v κα, Κοροτρόφ- ^v ωι, ἐν Ἑκάτης ^v Ἐρχιᾶσι, χοῖ- (10)_^v ρος, 𐅂𐅂𐅂 ^vvvv ^v Ἀρτέμιδι Ἑκ- ^v άτει, Ἐρχιᾶ[σ]- _^v ι[ν, αἴ]ξ, Δ. ^vvvv Βο[ηδ]ρομιῶνο- (15)^v ς τετράδι ἱσ- ^v ταμένο, Βασί- ^v λει, Ἐρχιᾶ(σιν), ἀμ- ^v νὴ λευκή, ὁλό- ^v καυτος, νηφά- (20)_^v λιος, 𐅃𐅂𐅂. ^vvv ^v τετράδι φθί- ^v νοντος, ἐμ Πά- ^v [γ]ωι Ἐρχιᾶσι- ^v ν, Ἀχελώωι ^vv (25)_^v οἶς, Δ𐅂𐅂 ^vvvv Γαμηλιῶνος ^v ἐνάτηι ἱστα- ^v μένο, Ἠροσου- ^v ρίοις, ἐμ πόλ- (30)^v ει Ἐρχιᾶσι⟨ν⟩, Ἀ- _^v θηνᾶι, ἀμνή, 𐅃𐅂𐅂. ^v τετράδι φθί- ^v νοντος, Κουρ- ^v οτρόφωι, ἐν Ἥ- (35)^v ρας Ἐρχιᾶσι, _^v χοῖρος, 𐅂𐅂𐅂. ^v ^v Ἥραι, Ἐρχιᾶσ- ^v ι⟨ν⟩, οἶς, ἱερέαι _^v δέρμα, Δ. ^vvvv (40)Μουνιχιῶνο- ^v ς τετράδι ἱσ- ^v ταμένου, Ἡρα- ^v κλείδαις, οἶ- _^v ς, Ἐρχιᾶ(σι), Δ𐅂𐅂 . ^v οὐ φ(ορά) (45)[Θ]αργηλιῶνος ^v τετράδι ἱστ- ^v αμένο, Ἀπόλλ- ^v ωνι Πυθίωι, Ἐ- ^v ρχι(ᾶσι) ∶ αἴξ, παρα- (50)^v δόσιμος Πυθ- _^v αϊσταῖς, Δ𐅂𐅂. ^v Ἀπόλλωνι Πα- ^v ιῶνι, ἐμ Πάγω- _^v ι Ἐρχι(ᾶσιν), οἶς, Δ𐅂𐅂. (55)[Σ]κιροφοριῶν- ^v ος τρίτηι ἱσ- ^v ταμένο, Ἀγλα- ^v ύρωι ἐμ πόλε⟨ι⟩ _^v Ἐρχι(ᾶσιν) ∶ οἶς, Δ. ^v οὐ φ(ορά) (60)^v κεφάλαιον ^v ^v Η𐅃𐅂𐅂𐅂 ^vv

Γ Ἑκατομβαιῶν- ^v ος δεκάτει ὑ- ^v στέραι, Κουρ- ^v οτρόφωι, ἐς Σ- (5)^v ωτιδῶν Ἐρχι(ᾶσι), ^v χοῖρος, οὐ φο- _^v ρά, 𐅂𐅂𐅂. ^vvvvv ^v Ἀρτέμιδι ἐς ^v Σωτιδῶν Ἐρχ- (10)^v ι(ᾶσιν) ∶ αἴξ, οὐ φορά, ^v τὸ δέρμα κατ- _^v αγίζ(εσθαι) ∶ Δ. ^vvvvv Μεταγειτνιῶ- ^v νος δωδεκάτ- (15)^v ει, Διὶ Πολιε⟨ῖ⟩, ^v ἐμ πόλε⟨ι⟩ ἐν ἄσ- ^v τε⟨ι⟩, οἶς, οὐ φορ- _^v ά, Δ𐅂𐅂. vacat ^v ἕκτηι φθίνο- (20)^v ντος, Διὶ Ἐπω- ^v πετεῖ, ἐμ Πάγ- ^v ωι Ἐρχιᾶσι, χ- ^v οῖρος, ὁλόκα- ^v υτος, νηφάλι- (25)_^v ος, 𐅂𐅂𐅂. ^vvvvv Βοηδρομιῶνο- ^v ς τετράδι φθ- ^v ίνοντος, Ἀλό- ^v χωι, ἐμ Πάγωι (30)_^v Ἐρχι(ᾶσιν) ∶ οἶς ∶ Δ ^vv Γαμηλιῶνος ὀ- ^v γδόηι ἱσταμ- ^v έ(νο), Ἀπόλλωνι Ἀ- ^v ποτροπαίωι, (35)^v Ἐρχιᾶσι⟨ν⟩, αἴξ, ^v Πυ[θα]ϊσταῖς _^v παραδόσ(ιμος), Δ𐅂𐅂. ^v τετράδι φθί- ^v νοντος, Διὶ Τ- (40)^v ελείωι, ἐν Ἥρ- _^v ας Ἐρχ(ιᾶσιν) ∶ οἶς, Δ𐅂𐅂. Ἀνθεστηριῶν- ^v ος δευτέραι ^v ἱσταμένο, Δι- (45)^v ονύσωι, Ἐρχι(ᾶσιν), ^v ἔριφος προπ- _^v τόρθι(ος) ∶ 𐅃. ^vvvv Μονιχιῶνος δ- ^v εκάτει [πρ]οτ- (50)^v έραι, Λευκάσ- ^v πιδι, Ἐρχιᾶ(σιν), ο- ^v ἶς, νηφάλιος, _^v οὐ φορά, Δ𐅂𐅂. Θαργηλιῶνος (55)^v τετράδι ἱστ- ^v αμένο, Διί ἐμ ^v Πάγωι Ἐρχιᾶ(σιν), _^v οἶς, Δ𐅂𐅂. ^vvvv Σκιροφοριῶν- (60)^v ος τρίτει ἱσ- ^v ταμένο, Διὶ Π- ^v ολιε⟨ῖ⟩, ἐμ πόλε⟨ι⟩ ^v Ἐρχιᾶσι⟨ν⟩, οἶς, _^v οὐ φορά, Δ𐅂𐅂. (65)^v ἕκτηι ἐπὶ δέ- ^v κα . .[. . . .]Ε̣Κ̣ [. . . . . ⁹ . . . .]κ̣

Δ Ἑκατομβαιῶν- ^v ος δεκάτει ὑ- ^v στέραι, Κορο- ^v [τρ]όφωι, ἐπὶ τ- (5)^v [] Ἄκρο Ἐρχιᾶ(σι), ^v χοῖρος, οὐ φο- _^v ρά, 𐅂𐅂𐅂. ^vvvvv ^v Ἀρτέμιδι, ἐπ- ^v ὶ τ Ἄκρο Ἐρχ- (10)^v ι(ᾶσιν), αἴξ, οὐ φορ- ^v ά, δέρμα κατα- _^v ιγίζε(σθαι) ∶ Δ. ^vvv ^v Μεταγειτνιῶ- ^v νος δωδεκάτ- (15)^v ε⟨ι⟩, Ἀθηνᾶι Πολ- ^v ιάδι, ἐμ πόλε⟨ι⟩ _^v ἐν ἄστε⟨ι⟩, οἶς ∶ Δ. Βοηδρομιῶνο- ^v ς πέμπτει ἱσ- (20)^v αταμέ(νο) ∶ Ἔποπι, Ἐ- ^v ρχιᾶσι, χοῖρ- ^v ος, ὁλόκαυτο- _^v ς, νηφάλι(ος) ∶ 𐅂𐅂𐅂 . ^v τετράδι φθί- (25)^v νοντος, Ἑρμῆ- ^v ι, ἐμ Πάγωι Ἐρ- _^v χιᾶ(σι) ∶ οἶς ∶ Δ𐅂𐅂. ^v Γαμηλιῶνος τ- ^v ετράδι φθίν- (30)^v οντος, Ποσει- ^v δῶνι, ἐν Ἥρας _^v Ἐρχιᾶ(σιν), οἶς, Δ𐅂𐅂. Ἐλαφηβολιῶν- ^v ος ἕκτηι ἐπὶ (35)^v δέκα, Διονύσ- ^v ωι, Ἐρχιᾶ(σιν), αἴξ, ^v παραδό(σιμος) ∶ γυνα- ^v {α}ιξί, οὐ φορά, ^v ἱερέαι τὸ δέ- (40)_^v ρμα, Δ𐅂𐅂. ^v Μονιχιῶνος δ- ^v εκάτει ὑστέ- ^v ραι, Τριτοπα- ^v τρεῦσι, Ἐρχι(ᾶσιν), (45)^v οἶς, νηφάλιο- _^v ς, οὐ φορά ∶ Δ𐅂𐅂. Θαργηλιῶνος ^v τετράδι ἱστ- ^v αμένο, Ἀνάκο- (50)^v ιν, Ἐρχιᾶσιν, _^v οἶς, Δ𐅂𐅂. ^vvvv ^v ἐνάτει ἐπὶ δ- ^v έκα, Μενεδεί- ^v ωι, Ἐρχιᾶσιν, (55)_^v οἶς, οὐ φορ(ά), Δ𐅂𐅂. Σκιροφοριῶν- ^v ος τρίτηι ἱσ- ^v ταμένο, Ποσε- ^v ιδῶνι, ἐμ πόλ (60)^v ε⟨ι⟩ Ἐρχι(ᾶσιν) ∶ οἶς ∶ Δ𐅂𐅂. ^v κεφάλαιον ^vv ΗΔ. ^vvv

Ε Μεταγειτνι- ^v ῶνος ἐνάτε⟨ι⟩ ^v ἐπὶ δέκα, Ἡρ- ^v ωΐναις, ἐπὶ (5)^v Σχοίνωι Ἐρ- ^v χιᾶσι⟨ν⟩, οἶς, ο- ^v ὐ φορά, ἱερέ- _^v αι τὸ δέρ(μα) ∶ Δ. ^v Βοηδρομιῶν- (10)^v ος πέμπτηι ^v ἱσταμένο, Ἐ- ^v ρχι(ᾶσιν) ∶ Ἔποπι, χ- ^v οῖρος, ὁλόκ- ^v αυτος, νηφ⟨ά⟩- (15)_^v λιος, 𐅂𐅂𐅂. ^v ^v τετράδι φθ- ^v ίνοντος, Γῆ- ^v ι ἐμ Πάγωι Ἐ- ^v ρχιᾶσι⟨ν⟩, οἶς (20)^v κύουσα, οὐ φ- _^v ορά, Δ. vacat Ποσιδεῶνος ^v ἕκτηι ἐπὶ δ- ^v έκα, Διί, ἐμ Π- (25)^v έτρηι Ἐρχι- ^v ᾶσιν, οἶς, οὐ _^v φορά, Δ𐅂𐅂. ^vv ^v Διὶ Ὁρίωι, Ἐ- ^v ρχιᾶσι, χοῖ- (30)_^v ρος, οὐ φο(ρά) ∶ 𐅂𐅂𐅂 . Γαμηλιῶνος ^v ἑβδόμηι ἱσ- ^v ταμένο, Ἀπό- ^v λλωνι Λυκε- (35)^v ίωι, Ἐρχιᾶσ- ^v ι⟨ν⟩, οἶς Πυθαϊ- ^v σταῖς παρα̣- _^v δόσιμος, Δ𐅂𐅂. οὐ φο(ρά) ^v ὀγδόη⟨ι⟩ ἱστα- (40)^v μένο, Ἀπόλλ- ^v ωνι Νυμφη[γ]- ^v έτει, Ἐρχιᾶ- _^v σιν, αἴξ, Δ𐅂𐅂. ^v Νύμφαις, ἐπ- (45)^v ὶ τ αὐτοῦ β- _^v ωμοῦ, αἴξ ∶ Δ. ^v Θαργηλιῶνο- ^v ς τετράδι ἱ- ^v σταμένο, Ἐρ- (50)^v μῆι, ἐν ἀγορ- ^v ᾶι ∶ Ἐρχιᾶσι, ^v κριός, τούτ- ^v ωι ἱερεῶσθ- ^v αι τὸν κήρυ- (55)^v κα καὶ τὰ γέ- ^v ρα λαμβάνε- ^v ν καθάπερ ὁ _^v δήμαρχος, Δ. ^v ἕκτηι ἐπὶ δ- (60)^v έκα, Διὶ Ἐπα̣- ^v κρίωι, ἐν Ὑμ- ^v ηττῶι, ἀρή̣[ν], ^v νηφάλι[ος, ο]- _^v ὐ φορά, [𐅃𐅂𐅂^v] (65)Σκιροφ[οριῶ]- ^v νος [. . . ⁶ . . .] [- - -]

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Translated text

References:

AIO 593 (Translated text) (AIO)

SEG 52.138

SEG 50.167

SEG 21.541 (PHI)

SEG 66.131

SEG 22.131 (PHI)

Sokolowski, LSCG 18

Lambert, Two Notes, no. 2

Takeuchi, Ten Notes, 90-91 no. 4 (A 20)

Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land, 145-46

CGRN 52 (CGRN)

Humphreys, Kinship, 867-75

Csapo and Wilson II, 6-7

Russo, Ripartizioni, D37

Translation by: Stephen Lambert, Feyo Schuddeboom

Monument type: Stele

Inscription type: Sacrificial Calendar

Findspot: Attica (Spata) (EM 13163)

Transliterations on Places on

[1] This is the sacrificial calendar of the medium-sized Attic deme of the inland trittys of Aigeis, Erchia, which sent 6 men to sit on the Council of 500 in the fourth century BC (IG II³ 4, 76, 4-10, but Agora XV 42, 112-119, lists 6 followed by a vacant line, and Traill, Demos, 1986, 127 with n. 15, supposed the quota fluctuated between 6 and 7), and therefore probably had of the order of 400 adult male members at that period. It is the only inscription produced by the deme Erchia; for two other decrees found in the same area, but not perhaps relating to this deme see IG I³ 247 and IG II² 1213. For a recent discussion of the deme see Humphreys, Kinship, 867-75. On demes in general see RO 46, with notes.

This is one of a number of extant Attic sacrificial calendars. For links to other examples see IG I³ 232 with n. 1. For a helpful commentary see CGRN 52. Rather than cover the same ground on AIO, we limit our notes below largely to supplementary points. The calendar is divided into five columns of offerings the cost of which is approximately equal (ca. 110 dr. per column, ca. 550 dr. overall). This presumably reflects the division of the costs of the programme among five individuals or (more likely in the 4th cent. democracy) groups of contributors, or perhaps some more complex arrangement (e.g. parcels of loans of capital in equal amounts, cf. the arrangements for Rhamnous implied by I Rhamnous 182, or as Papazarkadas suggests, parcels of land leases). The reference at E52-58 to the herald receiving the perquisites "just like the demarch" seems to imply that the demarch presides over (most?) of the other sacrifices listed (but note that some involved priestesses). The significance of the heading, "Greater Demarchy", however, is obscure. In addition to the possibilities noted by CGRN, R. Parker, ap. D. Whitehead, AncW 14, 1986, 57-64, attractively supported the idea (for which see also J. D. Mikalson, "Religion in the Attic Demes", AJP 98, 1977, 424-35), that "demarchy" might refer to the period of office of a demarch, i.e. one year, and this one was "greater" in that it contained more sacrifices than the "lesser demarchy", with which it alternated in sequence. For this type of arrangement cf. e.g. the sacrificial calendar of the Marathonian Tetrapolis, SEG 50.168.

Lambert, ZPE 130, 2000, 75-80, discussed the calendar in the context of other evidence for Erchian topography, cults and institutions, including Isai. 12 (which relates to an appeal against the deme on a decision on membership, perhaps in the context of the general deme scrutiny of 346/5 BC; for another case arising from this scrutiny cf. Dem. 57 with SEG 2.7, Halimous); the sacrifice to Zeus Epakrios on Hymettos (E59-64), notable for being extra-territorial to the deme, and discussed in the context of other evidence for this cult; and the sacrifices at Γ4-5 and 8-9 "in Sotidai", which he interpreted as a village (kome) within the deme Erchia analogous to the village Petalidai in Aphidna (cf. Lambert, Rationes F7B, 24). He also noted other possible evidence for a Trikomia (association of three villages) in this region, IG I³ 247 and IG II² 1213. On the calendar in the context of discussion of the deme Erchia see also G. Steinhauer, in K. Tsouni et al. (eds.), Mesogaia, 2001, 92-93 (SEG 50.167); Humphreys, Kinship. Lambert, ZPE 139, 2002, 75-82, discussed the linked set of offerings to Zeus Epopetes on 25 Metageitnion (Γ 19-25), Basile on 4 Boedromion (B 14-20), and Epops on 5 Boedromion (Δ 18-23, Ε 9-15) in the context of other evidence for the Genesia and related rites. [2] This sacrifice for Semele on 16 Elaphebolion is specified to be conducted at the same altar as a sacrifice for Dionysos on the same day: Δ 33-36. As noted by Csapo and Wilson, 6, these two sacrifices were doubtless linked to the City Dionysia, which finished on 15 Elaphebolion. They also note that there is no listing in the calendar identifiable as relating to the Rural Dionysia in Posideon and register scepticism about the theory of Humphreys, Strangeness, 180, that the offering to Zeus on Posideon 16, Ε 22-27, might have related to that festival. On the Rural Dionysia see IG II³ 4, 498, with notes. [3] "No taking away" in these three places is a later addition.

Textual Note. AIO's text follows that of CGRN with the minor adjustments from autopsy noted by Lambert, ZPE 130, 2000, 75-80 at nn. 31 and 33 (affecting inter alia the paragraphi, inscribed lines running out into the margin used to mark off the different sacrifices).

Added: 10 May 2014
Updated: 16 Oct 2024
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ID: AIO_593